Modification of Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Membranes with DES-Functionalized Carbon Nanospheres for Removal of Methyl Orange by Membrane Distillation

Chemical pollutants, such as methyl orange (MO), constitute the main ingredients in textile industry wastewater, and specifically, dyeing process. The use of chemicals leads to huge quantities unfixed dyes make their way water effluent consequently escalates pollution problem. This work investigates incorporation hydrophobic carbon nanospheres (CNS) prepared from pyrolysis acetylene using chemical vapor deposition technique with poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) order enhance its hydrophobicity. Moreover, a deep eutectic solvent (DES) was used membrane’s porosity. former based on quaternary ammonium salt (N,N-diethyl-ethanol-ammonium chloride) addition throughout membrane synthesis. Direct contact distillation (DCMD) employed assess performance modified for treatment MO contaminated water. phase inversion method embed various contents CNS (i.e., 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 wt.%) 22:78 wt.% PVDF-co-HFP/N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone solution prepare flat-sheet membranes. embedded 5 resulted an increase hydrophobicity presented considerable enhancement DCMD permeation 12 35 L/h.m2 rejection >99.9%. composite showed excellent anti-biofouling mechanical characteristics compared pristine counterpart. Using this membrane, complete achieved due synergistic contribution dye negative charge size exclusion effect.